From closed to open communication system

new information and communication technologies and the rebirth of civil society in communist Eastern Europe

Tomasz Goban-Klas

Teresa Sasinska-Klas

pp. 76-90

in: Paul G. Lewis (ed), Democracy and civil society in Eastern Europe, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 1992

Abstract

In that process of change the loss of Communist monopoly over mass communications was the key to the breakdown of Communism totalitarianism. (Zbigniew Brzezinksi, The Grand Failure. The Birth and Death of Communism in the Twentieth Century, 1989, p. 254)